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The operating principle of this design is unique and extremely simple, the most critical component is the one ba7891 tunnel diode, the circuit that are seven or more soldiers in series and connected to a heat sink large. The sink will serve to accumulate thermal energy, which can be the sun, a fire, the body or any other form of heat energy which is converted into a charge current for NiCd battery. A tunnel diode is very different from a normal rectifier diode and is characterized by a quick response time, another feature and negative resistance, basically, is explored in this circuit with the purpose of generating electricity from the heat.   Generate Electricity from Body Heat Circuit Diagram

There are some applications, such as double-ended sensors and audio amplifiers that require a negative voltage for operation. With limited space on today’s system boards, creating a dedicated negative supply rail would add to the cost and space of the PCB. Hence, it makes sense to generate the required negative voltage from existing positive supply rails in the system. One such solution using a traditional synchronous step-down regulator is provided by Texas Instruments in an application note entitled “Creating an Inverting Power Supply Using a Synchronous Step-Down Regulator”1. It shows you how to generate a negative voltage from a positive input voltage to the synchronous buck regulator.