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 While they have been with us for many years, fluorescent lamps remain somewhat mysterious to most people. This isn't really surprising, since their operation isn't simple. The tube itself contains a mixture of gases, but the active ingredient is mercury. When operated as an arc, mercury vapour emits a vast amount of short-wave ultraviolet light. This is invisible, but phosphors on the inside of the tube itself fluoresce when struck by UV, and are designed to emit visible light. Most of the remaining UV light is absorbed by the glass, which is opaque to ultraviolet (this is why you can't get a suntan from behind a glass window). Refer to Figure 1 to follow the explanation . This also shows a representation of the fitting that was used for the illumination tests. For all tests, only the centre tube was installed, with the others removed to ensure that each lamp was operating under near identical conditions . Figure 1 - Wiring Diagram For a Conventional "Troffer" ...

  A "servo system" is a generic term used for an automatic control system. In other words a mechanism which adjusts itself during continued operation through feedback.   Servo control is a closed loop control system for electric motors. The servo system uses a sensor to sense motor position/speed. Servo control has a feedback circuit which changes the drive power going to motor according the control input signals and the feedback signals from sensors Three basic types of servo motors are used in modern servo systems: ac servo motors, based on induction motor designs; dc servo motors, based on dc motor designs; and ac brush less servo motors, based on synchronous motor designs. AC servomotors are typically permanent magnet synchronous motors that often have low torque-to-inertia ratios for high acceleration ratings. AC servomotors use integral encoders, integral resolvers, and integral tachometers for feedback signals.   Integral encoders contain attached encoders for angu...

Recommended Level Beginner Recommended Prerequisites Introducing the PICAXE System PICAXE to PC Connections PICAXE Programming Basics - Part 1 Introduction Part 1 of PICAXE Programming Basics included full information for assembling a PICAXE programming test circuit. That circuit will be used again in this article, so be sure that you have the assembly connected to your computer via your programming cable. Although not absolutely necessary, a review of programming using AXEpad will facilitate learning to program using PICAXE Editor 6. PICAXE Editor 6 PICAXE Editor 6 (PE6) is the recommended Integrated Development Environment (IDE) for users of personal computers using Windows XP, Vista, 7, 8, and 8.1 operating systems. PE6 is the successor to Programming Editor 5, but is all new; none of the code from PE5 was reused. In addition, complete flowcharting capabilities are included in PE6, making Logicator unnecessary. However, Revolution Education (Rev-Ed)...