Getting Started with Microcontrollers

A microcontroller is an integrated chip. They contains a CPU, RAM, ROM, I/O ports, and timers like a standard computer, but because they are designed to execute only a single specific task to control a single system, they are much smaller and simplified so that they can include all the functions required on a single chip. Note that there are lots of verities of µcontrollers and in this article my emphasis is on ‘ PIC µcontroller ’ . A microcontroller differs from a microprocessor, which is a general-purpose chip that is used to create a multi-function computer or device and requires multiple chips to handle various tasks. A microcontroller is meant to be more self-contained and independent, and functions as a tiny, dedicated computer. Microcontrollers need software to perform specific tasks. So, y ou need a ‘Programmer’, it is the hardware needed to put the software inside the µcontroller. Programming the µcontroller is also known as "burning" the µcontroller. This is a s...