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Hello! in this post I will show a very small circuit, the relay opens and closes its contacts intermittently, the speed can be changed by changing the value of C1, the output relay can be turned on an LED, working as a wink - wink! The relay coil and the capacitor voltage is in accordance with the circuit power!  See the figure below:

 Also called the parallel A/D converter, this circuit is the simplest to understand. It is formed of a series of comparators, each one comparing the input signal to a unique reference voltage. The comparator outputs connect to the inputs of a priority encoder circuit, which then produces a binary output. The following illustration shows a 3-bit flash ADC circuit: V ref is a stable reference voltage provided by a precision voltage regulator as part of the converter circuit, not shown in the schematic. As the analog input voltage exceeds the reference voltage at each comparator, the comparator outputs will sequentially saturate to a high state. The priority encoder generates a binary number based on the highest-order active input, ignoring all other active inputs. When operated, the flash ADC produces an output that looks something like this: For this particular application, a regular priority encoder with all its inherent complexity isn’t necessary. Due to the nature of the...

Description  General Description of the following circuit. This circuit is based around HT–2050 manufactured by HOLTEK semiconductors. It is a low cost, low-power C-MOS LSI designed for lamp andLED flash driver. It requires minimum external components.You can operate it with just two AAA cell or 3v Battery.Circuit has five flash outputs with 10mA drive capability that can implement random or sequence flashing function controlled by one option pin.It only requires one external resistor for typical application. It is very suitable for the use of the flash products such as disco glasses, disco hat, gift card, X’mas decoration and so forth. author : Izhar Fareed - izha@rgmx.us  source - extremecircuits.net

Want to avoid the problem of carrying three different flashlights to perform a test? Why don’t you try integrating Ultra Violet, Infra Red and visible light together in one flashlight? Read on to know more about this. The multi-tasking flashlight is basically composed of a metallic case, a switch, cables and connections, four 9V batteries and three different LED heads that provide the desired light beam. For the construction of this flashlight, LedEngin’s LZ4-40 is recommended. This comes with a very wide wavelength that includes infra red and ultra violet light. Distinct visible light color temperature can also be found The first step is to build the body of the flashlight, using an aluminum tube. Next come the drilling and cutting for switches and covers. Once the body is finished, the work on the constant current driver should be completed, adding the proper terminals for the batteries and the base for the LED heads.  Once all the power source wiring is completed and insulated w...