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How to build Analog Milliamp Meter Used as Voltmeter

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A milli Amp analog meter often used along with audio system can be easily converted into a decent volt meter, all that is needed is an understanding of the requirement and the meter. In case a 10V full scale meter is to be designed, then a 10K resistance is to be put in series with the meter coil so that for an applied voltage of 10V a meter can receive 1milliAmp only. The meter itself has an internal resistance and if that is measured properly then in actual practice the resistor to be connected in series shall be having a value of 1000 ohms – IR (internal resistance of the meter). When we measure smaller voltage then this internal resistance of the meter plays a significant role, say for this particular case the internal resistance is 86 ohms, hence, for a I.V. full scale meter the value of the external resistance would be (1000-86) 914 ohms. The milli amp meter can also be used as an Amp meter of higher currents by adding shunt resistances. This is being achieved by simple net
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Dual channel electronic volume controller

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General Description: The BA3853BFS is a dual-channel electronic volume controller built around a low-noise, low-distortion VCA. It is suited for car-audio applications, and has performance that rivals mechanical-type volume controllers. In addition to volume control, the IC includes all functions required for controlling sound quality, to allow more compact designs with far fewer components. Circuit diagram: Dual-channel electronic volume controller Datasheet for BA3853: Download
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Geiger Counter Uses Cockroft Walton Multiplier Project

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This is a project of Geiger Counter Uses Cockroft-Walton Multiplier circuit diagram. The recent tsunami in Japan and the on-going calamity with the Fukushima nuclear power plant has apparently greatly increased sales of radiation meters, not only in Japan but elsewhere around the world. This device will allow an estimation of the level of radioactivity, being sensitive enough for background radiation monitoring or to provide an estimation of the level of radioactivity from sample objects such as Thorium gas mantles in LPG lamps. The circuit is compatible with several Geiger Muller tubes and three types of indication are provided: the good old-fashioned audible click with each discharge, a flashing LED or an analog meter providing a rough average of radiation levels. Geiger Counter Uses Cockroft-Walton Multiplier Circuit Diagram A normal background count in New Zealand with the smaller GM LND712 tube is around 30 counts per minute, while the larger and more-sensitive LND7312 pancake tub
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DANCING FLOWER

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This circuit was taken from a dancing flower. A motor at the bottom of the flower had a shaft up the stem and when the microphone detected music, the bent shaft created the flower wiggle and move. The circuit can reply to a whistle, music or noise.
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Schematic diagram of a USB player

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Usb series player is an electronic device or electronic circuit that functions as an MP3 player that is stored on a storage device such as USB flash. In this usb circuit using an IC as a modifier of digital voice data into analog so that it can be applied to a headphone, or again through the power amlplifier strengthened so that it can be heard through the speakers. IC used in this circuit using IC PCM2902 as a modifier of a digital data into analog data storage. Below is a schematic diagram of a USB player. Schematic usb player
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High and Low Voltage Cut Off with Delay and Alarm

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This straight forward circuit will protect electrical appliances from over voltage as well as under voltage. The circuit also produces an alarm when the power supply comes back. An ideal circuit for home to protect your valuable equipments from voltage fluctuations. The same circuit with some modifications can be used  to make a automatic voltage stabilizer. High and Low Voltage Cut-Off with Delay and Alarm Circuit Diagram : When the mains voltage is in the normal level, the voltage at the negative terminal of zener diode D4 will be less than 5.6 Volts. At this condition transistor T1 will not conduct. The same time voltage at the negative terminal of zener diode D5 will be greater than 5.6 and so the transistor T2 will be conducting. The relay will be activated and the green LED will be glowing. When the mains voltage is higher than the set limit the transistor T1 becomes conducting since the voltage at the negative terminal of  D4 is greater than 5.6 V. At the same time transist
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BOSS DS 1 DS1 DS 2 DS2

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